Active Fluids

Active fluids are a rapidly evolving research field inspired by the biophysics of dense suspensions of motile cells. Their complex interactions give rise to chaotic meso-scale vortex patterns as well as self-organized active vortex crystals. Active fluids are not only interesting to study in their own right but may also turn out instrumental in designing microfluidic devices and in developing novel meta-materials. To capture the physics of active fluids, we combine tools from statistical hydrodynamic and active matter theory.

• M. James, W.J.T. Bos, M. Wilczek, Turbulence and turbulent pattern formation in a minimal model for active fluids, Phys Rev. Fluids 3, 061101(Rapid Communication) (2018)[PRF]
• M. James, M. Wilczek, Vortex dynamics and Lagrangian statistics in a model for active turbulence, EPJE 41, 21 (2018)  [EPJE]

Turbulence

Owing to its complexity, turbulence is among the most fascinating states of a fluid. It represents a paradigmatic problem from the class of strongly driven non-equilibrium systems. Turbulence plays a key role in the dynamics of our oceans and our atmosphere and is of central importance for many engineering applications including mixing, combustion as well as wind energy conversion. In our work, we combine computational, dynamical and statistical methods in a simulation-assisted theoretical approach.

• D. G. Vlaykov, M. Wilczek, On the small-scale structure of turbulence and its impact on the pressure field, J. Fluid Mech. 861, 442 (2019)  [J. Fluid Mech.]
  
• M. Wilczek, C. Meneveau, Pressure Hessian and viscous contributions to the velocity gradient statistics based on Gaussian random fields, J. Fluid Mech. 756, 191 (2014) [J. Fluid Mech.]
• M. Wilczek, Y. Narita, Wavenumber-frequency spectrum for turbulence from a random sweeping hypothesis with mean flow, Phys. Rev. E  86, 066308 (2012) [Phys. Rev. E]
  
• R. Friedrich, A. Daitche, O. Kamps, J. Lülff, M. Voßkuhle , M. Wilczek, The Lundgren-Monin-Novikov Hierarchy: Kinetic Equations for Turbulence, Com. Ren. Phy. 13, 929 (2012) [Com. Ren. Phy.]

Particles in complex flows

Particle-laden flows arise in many engineering applications, the atmospheric sciences (e.g. clouds), and the marine sciences (e.g. microplastics dispersion, plankton blooms). The Lagrangian (particle-based) view is particularly insightful and challenging because particles sample complex flows in space and time. We investigate fundamental aspects of Lagrangian turbulence as well as the dynamics of active and passive particles in complex flows with applications to cloud physics, oceanic micro-organisms and biophysics.

• L. Bentkamp, C. Lalescu, M. Wilczek, Persistent accelerations disentangle Lagrangian turbulence, Nature Communications 10, 3550 (2019) [Nat. Commun.]
• C.C. Lalescu, M. Wilczek, How tracer particles sample the complexity of turbulence, New J. Phys. 20, 013001 (2018) [New J. Phys]
• R.E. Breier, C.C. Lalescu, D. Waas, M. Wilczek, M.G. Mazza,  Emergence of phytoplankton patchiness at small scales in mild turbulence, PNAS 115, 12112 (2018) [PNAS] [featured in Physics World]
• J.M. Lawson, E. Bodenschatz, C.C. Lalescu, M. Wilczek, Bias in particle tracking acceleration measurement, Exp. Fluids 59, 172 (2018) [Exp. Fluids] 

Atmospheric flows & wind energy conversion

The understanding of atmospheric boundary layers plays a crucial role for climate research but also for technological applications such as wind energy conversion. For wind energy, atmospheric turbulence plays a key role: strong wind fluctuations impose significant structural fatigue loads on wind turbines which can lead to failure. Integrating the unsteady wind energy into a decentralized power grid poses further challenges with respect to power grid stability. In our work, we combine statistical modeling and computer simulations to better understand and predict turbulence in the atmosphere and in wind farms.

• L. Lukassen, R. Stevens, C. Meneveau, M. Wilczek, Modeling space-time correlations of velocity fluctuations in wind farms, Wind Energy 21:474–487 (2018) [Wind Energy]
• H. Ronellenfitsch, J. Dunkel, M. Wilczek, Optimal Noise-Cancelling Networks, Phys. Rev. Lett. 121, 208301 (2018)[arxiv] [PRL] [Featured in Physics]
• M. Wilczek, R. Stevens, C . Meneveau, Spatio-temporal spectra in the logarithmic layer of wall-turbulence: large-eddy simulations and simple models, J. Fluid Mech. 769, R1 (2015) [J. Fluid Mech.]
• M. Wilczek, R. Stevens, C . Meneveau, Height-dependence of spatio-temporal spectra of wall-bounded turbulence - LES results and model predictions, J. Turb 16(10), 937-949 (2015) [J. Turb]
• M. Wilczek, R. Stevens, Y. Narita, Charles Meneveau, A wavenumber-frequency spectral model for atmospheric boundary layers, J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 524, 012104 (2014) [IOP]

Convection

In many natural settings, such as the Earth's core or atmosphere, fluid flow is driven by a thermal gradient. In the prototypical situation in which the flow is heated from below and cooled from above, convection can arise. Sufficiently far from its onset, the convective flow becomes turbulent. From the viewpoint of fundamental turbulence research, turbulent convection is one of the most interesting systems to study due to the complex interaction of large-scale flow patterns and turbulent fluctuations. In our group, we aim at disentangling this dynamics as well as at establishing rigorous statistical formulations of turbulent convection.

• G. Ibbeken, G. Green, M.Wilczek, Large-Scale Pattern Formation in the Presence of Small-Scale Random Advection, Phys. Rev. Lett. 123, 114501 (2019) [PRL]
• K. Petschel, S. Stellmach, M. Wilczek, J. Lülff, U. Hansen, Dissipation Layers in Rayleigh-Bénard convection: A unifying view, Phys. Rev. Lett 110, 114502 (2013) [Phys. Rev. Lett]
• K. Petschel, S. Stellmach, M. Wilczek, J. Lülff, U. Hansen, Kinetic energy transport in Rayleigh-Bénard convection, J. Fluid Mech. 773: 395-417 (2015) [J. Fluid Mech.]
• J. Lülff, M. Wilczek, R. Stevens, R. Friedrich, D. Lohse, Turbulent Rayleigh-Bénard convection described by projected dynamics in phase space, J. Fluid. Mech. 781, 276-297 (2015) [J. Fluid Mech.]