MPIDS Colloquium: Physical approach to tissue spheroids and epitheliums

MPIDS Colloquium

  • Datum: 11.03.2020
  • Uhrzeit: 14:15 - 15:15
  • Vortragende(r): Prof. Dr. Jacques Prost
  • Institut Curie, Paris, France
  • Ort: Max-Planck-Institut für Dynamik und Selbstorganisation (MPIDS)
  • Raum: Ludwig-Prandtl-Hörsaal / Ludwig Prandtl Lecture Hall
  • Gastgeber: MPIDS / LMP
  • Kontakt: ramin.golestanian@ds.mpg.de
After introducing the notion of homeostatic pressure, I will subsequently introduce dynamical equa-tions, which exhibit fluid like behavior on time scales long compared to duplication and apoptosis times, in the vicinity of homeostatic conditions. Subsequently, I will describe stress-clamp experi-ments, which provide numbers on the effects of stress on cell division and apoptosis and introduce the idea of “active” tissue. Then I will describe a dynamical transition in nematic epithelia which we pre-dicted more than ten years ago in the context of active gels: a nematic epithelial tissue placed on stripes of different width, switches from a perfectly quiescent state to a spontaneously shearing state, simply by changing the stripe width! Subsequently, I will give predictions about long time electric effects on polar tissues both for thick epitheliums and tissue spheroids. In particular I will show that simple symmetry-based arguments allow to predict field induced proliferation and death of thick epithelial tis-sues without mutations, as well as lumen formation in spheroids. In this last case a phenomenon called flexoelectricity is predicted to potentially play a significant role. Last, I will show a few striking experimental results concerning monolayer epitheliums submitted to a modest external electric field.
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